Audiovisual works either audio or visual media components, or both. The reference format will change depending on whether the work stands alone (like a podcast) or is part of a larger whole (like an episode of a podcast).
For audiovisual media that stand alone, the reference structure is as follows:
| Author | Date | Title | Source | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Publisher | URL | |||
| Director, D. D. (Director).
Producer, P. P. (Executive Producer). Host, H. H. (Host). Artist, A. A. Uploader, U. U. |
(2020).
(1989–present). (2013–2019). (2019, November 12). |
Title of work [Description].
Title of work (Version 4.6) [Mobile app]. Name of apparatus (Model number) [Equipment]. |
Production company.
Label. Museum Name, Museum Location. Department Name, University Name. |
https://xxxxxx |
For audiovisual media that are part of a larger whole, the reference structure is as follows:
| Author | Date | Title | Source | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Publisher | URL | |||
| Writer, W. W. (Writer), & Director, D. D. (Director).
Host, H. H. (Host). Producer, P. P. (Producer). Composer, C. C. Artist, A. A. |
(2020).
(2020, January 11). |
Title of episode (Season No., Episode No.) [Description].
Title of song [Description]. |
In P. P. Producer (Executive Producer), Title of TV series. Production Company.
In Title of podcast. Production Company. On Title of album. Label. |
https://xxxxxx |
Tips:
| SOURCE TYPE | REFERENCE EXAMPLE |
|---|---|
| YouTube video (or other streaming video) |
BBC. (2010, November 26). Hans Rosling's 200 countries, 200 years, 4 minutes - The joy of stats - BBC Four [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jbkSRLYSojo Gates, B. (2020, February 9). Bill Gates explains how vaccines work [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hh6xTguRn9o |
| TED Talk |
TED. (2017, March 6). I grew up in the Westboro Baptist Church. Here's why I left | Megan Phelps-Roper [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bVV2Zk88beY Dombrowski, T. C. (2020, April). The dark history of IQ tests [Video]. TED Conferences. https://www.ted.com/talks/stefan_c_dombrowski_the_dark_history_of_iq_tests |
| SOURCE TYPE | REFERENCE EXAMPLE |
|---|---|
| Podcast |
Hirway, H., & Nosrat, S. (Hosts). (2020–present). Home cooking [Audio podcast]. https://homecooking.show/ Kilgariff, K., & Hardstark, G. (Hosts). (2016–present). My favorite murder [Audio podcast]. Exactly Right. https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/exactly-right/my-favorite-murder |
| Podcast episode |
Bowery Boys. (Hosts). (2018, April 20). The huddled masses: Emma Lazarus and the many meanings of the Statue of Liberty (No. 261) [Audio podcast episode]. In New York City History. https://www.boweryboyshistory.com/2018/04/the-huddled-masses-emma-lazarus-and-the-many-meanings-of-the-statue-of-liberty.html Glass, I. (Host). (2018, April 20). The problem we all live with - Part one (No. 562) [Audio podcast episode]. In This American life. WBEZ Chicago. https://www.thisamericanlife.org/562/the-problem-we-all-live-with-part-one |
| SOURCE TYPE | REFERENCE EXAMPLE |
|---|---|
| PowerPoint slides or lecture notes |
Colorado State University Global. (n.d.). Module 5: Role of ethical communication and influence in leadership [Interactive lecture]. Canvas. Retrieved August 8, 2021, from https://csuglobal.instructure.com/ CB Insights. (2019, August 8). Global healthcare report Q2 2019 [PowerPoint slides]. SlideShare. https://www.slideshare.net/CBInsights/global-healthcare-report-q2-2019-162433349 |
| Stock image or clip art |
Emma Matthews Digital Content Production. (2018, September 4). Letter board flat lay [Stock image]. Unsplash. https://unsplash.com/photos/O_CLjxjzN3M |
| Infographic |
Column Five. (2010, February 26). The almighty dollar: Mapping distribution of income by religious belief [Infographic]. https://www.columnfivemedia.com/work-items/infographic-the-almighty-dollar Wu, J., Cai, W., Watkins, D., & Glanz, J. (2020, March 22). How the virus got out [Interactive infographic]. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2020/03/22/world/coronavirus-spread.html |